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List: lyx-users
Subject: Re: spacing between sections changes in my dissertation
From: Richard Heck <rgheck () comcast ! net>
Date: 2010-06-29 3:22:01
Message-ID: 4C2966D9.6030008 () comcast ! net
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On 06/28/2010 10:45 PM, Mike Martell wrote:
> Now LyX is making my spacing inconsistent in places (making it single
> instead of double) to keep my section spacing consistent. Is there a
> way I can fix that too?
>
Probably, though I don't know how. That said, LaTeX is neither designed
nor intended for this kind of fine-grained control over spacing.
Probably, the effects you are seeing have to do with float placement.
Are you trying to force floats to appear in specific places? If so, then
this can cause all kinds of problems.
rh
> thanks,
> Mike
>
> On Mon, Jun 28, 2010 at 8:26 PM, Mike Martell
> <martell.mike@american.edu <mailto:martell.mike@american.edu>> wrote:
>
> Thanks, Richard. This worked and now my spacing is consistent.
> Thanks so much!
> Mike
>
>
> On Fri, Jun 25, 2010 at 9:01 AM, Richard Heck <rgheck@comcast.net
> <mailto:rgheck@comcast.net>> wrote:
>
> On 6/24/10 10:37 PM, Mike Martell wrote:
>> Do I place this at the top of the document? The spacing in
>> the document doesn't change. I tried at the top and in one
>> of the sections whose spacing was inconsistent.
>>
> It has to go in the LaTeX preamble. You also have to wrap it
> in "\makeatletter" at the beginning and "\makeatother" at the end.
>
> The specific command I suggested won't do what you want.
> You'll have to adjust the spacing and the font commands that
> format the heading. But you should actually be able to get
> those values from the class file. That is, if you have using
> thesis.cls, then in that file somewhere you will find
> something like:
>
>
> \newcommand\section{\@startsection {section}{1}{\z@}%
> {-3.5ex \@plus -1ex \@minus
> -.2ex}%
> {2.3ex \@plus.2ex}%
> {\normalfont\Large\bfseries}}
>
> (This is taken from article.cls.) The six arguments to
> \@startsection
> (i) set the name of the division (section)
> (ii) set the "level" in the hierarchy of divisions (so
> chapter is 0)
> (iii) set the indent for headings (zero, in this case,
> using the macro \z@)
> (iv) set the space above the heading
> (v) set the space below the heading
> (vi) declare any commands that should be used to set the
> heading; in this case, it is large and bold
> As for (iv) and (v), these are what LaTeX calls "rubber
> lengths" and the second means: Add 2.3 exes of space, and
> optionally add up to 0.2 exes, if necessary to fix page
> breaks, etc. The former means: Add 3.5 exes of space,
> optionally adding up to 1 ex and optionally subtracting up to
> 0.2exes; the minus is a hack that means: suppress the
> indentation of the first paragraph following this heading. So
> that is why the spacing can be inconsistent: LaTeX is being
> told it can alter the spacing before a section heading by
> almost a third.
>
> What I did was just copy and paste this command, making it a
> \renewcommnd, and then remove the rubber bits. You can do the
> same.
>
> Btw, if this doesn't solve the problem, then the issue
> probably has to do with float placement. But we can come back
> to that.
>
> Richard
>
>
>
>>
>> On Thu, Jun 24, 2010 at 9:57 PM, Richard Heck
>> <rgheck@comcast.net <mailto:rgheck@comcast.net>> wrote:
>>
>> On 06/24/2010 09:22 PM, Mike Martell wrote:
>>
>> Hi:
>> I'm trying to finish formatting my dissertation to
>> submit to the library. I'm using a thesis class. My
>> output has the spacing between text and sections, and
>> text and subjections, to vary throughout the
>> dissertation. I need the spacing to be consistent.
>> After searching the list archive and some tutorials,
>> I tried inserting \raggedbottom to the top of my
>> diss, but this does not fix the problem.
>>
>> Is there a way to fix this?
>>
>> This is normal. LaTeX varies the spacing as the needs of
>> page breaking require, just as is done in books and
>> articles. If you need it to be constant, then do
>> something along the lines of:
>> \renewcommand\section{\@startsection{section}{1}{\z@}%
>> {-3.5ex}{2ex}%
>> {\normlfont\Large\bfseries}%
>> The semantics of the \@startsection command are explained
>> here:
>> http://help-csli.stanford.edu/tex/latex-sections.shtml
>> and elsewhere.
>>
>> rh
>>
>>
>
>
>
>
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On 06/28/2010 10:45 PM, Mike Martell wrote:
<blockquote
cite="mid:AANLkTin3QxJbLlZKslcMWxXGFzxH40IqXt2YZzsTN2zV@mail.gmail.com"
type="cite">Now LyX is making my spacing inconsistent in places
(making it single instead of double) to keep my section spacing
consistent. Is there a way I can fix that too?<br>
<br>
</blockquote>
Probably, though I don't know how. That said, LaTeX is neither designed
nor intended for this kind of fine-grained control over spacing.<br>
<br>
Probably, the effects you are seeing have to do with float placement.
Are you trying to force floats to appear in specific places? If so,
then this can cause all kinds of problems.<br>
<br>
rh<br>
<br>
<br>
<blockquote
cite="mid:AANLkTin3QxJbLlZKslcMWxXGFzxH40IqXt2YZzsTN2zV@mail.gmail.com"
type="cite">
<div>thanks,</div>
<div>Mike<br>
<br>
<div class="gmail_quote">On Mon, Jun 28, 2010 at 8:26 PM, Mike
Martell <span dir="ltr"><<a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="mailto:martell.mike@american.edu">martell.mike@american.edu</a>></span>
wrote:<br>
<blockquote class="gmail_quote"
style="border-left: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.8ex; \
padding-left: 1ex;">Thanks, Richard. This worked and now my spacing is \
consistent. Thanks so much! <div>Mike
<div>
<div class="h5"><br>
<br>
<div class="gmail_quote">On Fri, Jun 25, 2010 at 9:01 AM, Richard
Heck <span dir="ltr"><<a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="mailto:rgheck@comcast.net" target="_blank">rgheck@comcast.net</a>></span>
wrote:<br>
<blockquote class="gmail_quote"
style="border-left: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.8ex; \
padding-left: 1ex;"> <div bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000">
<div>On 6/24/10 10:37 PM, Mike Martell wrote:
<blockquote type="cite">Do I place this at the top of the
document? The spacing
in the document doesn't change. I tried at the top and in one of the
sections whose spacing was inconsistent.
<div><br>
</div>
</blockquote>
</div>
It has to go in the LaTeX preamble. You also have to wrap it in
"\makeatletter" at the beginning and "\makeatother" at the end.<br>
<br>
The specific command I suggested won't do what you want. You'll have to
adjust the spacing and the font commands that format the heading. But
you should actually be able to get those values from the class file.
That is, if you have using thesis.cls, then in that file somewhere you
will find something like:
<div><br>
<br>
\newcommand\section{\@startsection {section}{1}{\z@}%<br>
</div>
&n \
bsp; \
{-3.5ex \@plus -1ex \@minus -.2ex}%<br> \
&n \
bsp; \
{2.3ex \@plus.2ex}%<br> \
&n \
bsp; \
{\normalfont\Large\bfseries}}<br> <br>
(This is taken from article.cls.) The six arguments to \@startsection <br>
(i) set the name of the division (section)<br>
(ii) set the "level" in the hierarchy of divisions (so \
chapter is 0)<br>
(iii) set the indent for headings (zero, in this case, using the
macro \z@)<br>
(iv) set the space above the heading<br>
(v) set the space below the heading<br>
(vi) declare any commands that should be used to set the \
heading; in this case, it is large and bold<br>
As for (iv) and (v), these are what LaTeX calls "rubber lengths" and
the second means: Add 2.3 exes of space, and optionally add up to 0.2
exes, if necessary to fix page breaks, etc. The former means: Add 3.5
exes of space, optionally adding up to 1 ex and optionally subtracting
up to 0.2exes; the minus is a hack that means: suppress the indentation
of the first paragraph following this heading. So that is why the
spacing can be inconsistent: LaTeX is being told it can alter the
spacing before a section heading by almost a third.<br>
<br>
What I did was just copy and paste this command, making it a
\renewcommnd, and then remove the rubber bits. You can do the same.<br>
<br>
Btw, if this doesn't solve the problem, then the issue probably has to
do with float placement. But we can come back to that.<br>
<font color="#888888"><br>
Richard</font>
<div><br>
<br>
<br>
<blockquote type="cite">
<div><br>
<div class="gmail_quote">On Thu, Jun 24, 2010 at 9:57 PM,
Richard
Heck <span dir="ltr"><<a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="mailto:rgheck@comcast.net" target="_blank">rgheck@comcast.net</a>></span>
wrote:<br>
<blockquote class="gmail_quote"
style="border-left: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.8ex; \
padding-left: 1ex;"> <div>
<div>On 06/24/2010 09:22 PM, Mike Martell wrote:<br>
<blockquote class="gmail_quote"
style="border-left: 1px solid rgb(204, 204, 204); margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0.8ex; \
padding-left: 1ex;">Hi:<br> I'm trying to finish formatting my dissertation to submit \
to the library. I'm using a thesis class. My output has the spacing \
between text and sections, and text and subjections, to vary throughout the
dissertation. I need the spacing to be consistent. After searching
the list archive and some tutorials, I tried inserting \raggedbottom to
the top of my diss, but this does not fix the problem.<br>
<br>
Is there a way to fix this?<br>
<br>
</blockquote>
</div>
</div>
This is normal. LaTeX varies the spacing as the needs of page breaking
require, just as is done in books and articles. If you need it to be
constant, then do something along the lines of:<br>
\renewcommand\section{\@startsection{section}{1}{\z@}%<br>
{-3.5ex}{2ex}%<br>
{\normlfont\Large\bfseries}%<br>
The semantics of the \@startsection command are explained here:<br>
<a moz-do-not-send="true"
href="http://help-csli.stanford.edu/tex/latex-sections.shtml"
target="_blank">http://help-csli.stanford.edu/tex/latex-sections.shtml</a><br>
and elsewhere.<br>
<font color="#888888"><br>
rh<br>
<br>
</font></blockquote>
</div>
<br>
</div>
</blockquote>
<br>
<br>
</div>
</div>
</blockquote>
</div>
<br>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</blockquote>
</div>
<br>
</div>
</blockquote>
<br>
</body>
</html>
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