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List: kstars-devel
Subject: Re: Optimal Exposure and Noise Calculator
From: Jasem Mutlaq <mutlaqja () ikarustech ! com>
Date: 2023-03-04 8:12:55
Message-ID: CAE0bU5m0Q8_ea+VSwnFf16S8p=BDJnxVRyUUfLxi8btLAB-ndg () mail ! gmail ! com
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Hello Joseph,
This would be an *outstanding* feature to add to KStars! Thank you for
working on it. It would require an interface and also proper
integration with the rest of KStars & INDI infrastructure, for example, the
filters used..etc.
Would this be better suited for FITS Viewer integration?
SQM & F-Ratios can be retrieved from INDI/Ekos, we probably need to add a
field for the filter band-pass in the equipment manager.
Do you have a development environment ready as per the instructions in
KStars Gitlab? https://invent.kde.org/education/kstars
--
Best Regards,
Jasem Mutlaq
On Fri, Mar 3, 2023 at 8:16 PM joseph.mcgee@sbcglobal.net <
joseph.mcgee@sbcglobal.net> wrote:
> Hi All,
>
> I'm a retired software developer (mostly Java, C, and some C++). I've
> been using KStars on a Raspberry Pi (Ubuntu), since I got interested in AP,
> (around 2020). Back in late 2021 I wrote an optimal exposure time
> calculator (in Java), based on the work of Dr Glover. I just got to
> thinking that it might be a nice addition to KStars, and today I found a
> request for it:
> https://indilib.org/forum/wish-list/5300-exposure-calulator.html?start=12
>
> My current code is pretty simple but has no user interface. It uses a few
> classes for configuration, a table of sensor gain to read noise,
> observation site location SQM value, optics F ratio data, and
> (experimentally) a filter bandpass table. The code just iterates through
> all the combinations of the inputs to output tab delimited data to the
> console, that I copy into a spreadsheet.
>
> Keep in mind that the exposure time calculations are optimal (per Dr
> Glover), but not necessarily practical. I've seen a slow optic, with a
> filter, in very dark skies, produce a optimal sub exposure time
> calculation that exceeded 3 hours.
>
> If this were integrated into KStars, we would obviously need to provide a
> means for a user to input some of their own configuration information.
>
> Please let me know if you'd like to consider integrating this into KStars,
> (I would need coaching/help if I were to take this on).
>
> Example output:
>
> I have my code configured for the read noise for my main imaging camera,
> (a ZWO ASI-071 Color), SQM data for four observation sites. F ratios for
> four optics, and bandpass info for two filters. And I'm using an allowable
> noise increase of 5%.
>
> A small section of the output provides this information for a given site,
> optic, and sensor gain selection:
>
>
>
>
>
> *Site Name:*
>
> Chuchupate
>
>
> *Sky Quality:*
>
> 21.65
>
> magnitude per arc-second2
>
> *Light Pollution Base Rate:*
>
> 19.6
>
> e per second
>
>
>
>
>
>
> *Optic Name:*
>
> Esprit 100
>
>
> *Light Pollution Rate:*
>
> 0.65
>
> e per second for f/5.5 optic
>
>
>
> *Camera Sensor Gain:*
>
> 50
>
> *Read Noise:*
>
> 2.78
>
>
>
> *Filter*
>
> *Optimal Sub-exposure (sec)*
>
> *Shot pollution electrons*
>
> *Exposure shot noise*
>
> *Exposure total noise*
>
> No Filter
>
> 349.1
>
> 226.2
>
> 15
>
> 15.3
>
> Optolong l-Pro
>
> 634.8
>
> 411.3
>
> 20.3
>
> 20.5
>
> Optolong l-Enhance
>
> 3174
>
> 2056.3
>
> 45.3
>
> 45.4
>
> And accumulated data for imaging sessions of 1 to 5 hours:
>
>
>
> *3,600.00 seconds*
>
> *7,200.00 seconds*
>
> *10,800.00 seconds*
>
> *14,400.00 seconds*
>
> *18,000.00 seconds*
>
> *Filter*
>
> *Exposure Count*
>
> *Stack Total Time*
>
> *Stack total noise*
>
> *Exposure Count*
>
> *Stack Total Time*
>
> *Stack total noise*
>
> *Exposure Count*
>
> *Stack Total Time*
>
> *Stack total noise*
>
> *Exposure Count*
>
> *Stack Total Time*
>
> *Stack total noise*
>
> *Exposure Count*
>
> *Stack Total Time*
>
> *Stack total noise*
>
> No Filter
>
> 10
>
> 3491.44
>
> 48.37
>
> 21
>
> 7332.03
>
> 70.09
>
> 31
>
> 10823.47
>
> 85.16
>
> 41
>
> 14314.92
>
> 97.93
>
> 52
>
> 18155.51
>
> 110.29
>
> Optolong l-Pro
>
> 6
>
> 3808.85
>
> 50.14
>
> 11
>
> 6982.89
>
> 67.89
>
> 17
>
> 10791.73
>
> 84.4
>
> 23
>
> 14600.58
>
> 98.17
>
> 28
>
> 17774.62
>
> 108.31
>
> Optolong l-Enhance
>
> 1
>
> 3174.04
>
> 45.43
>
> 2
>
> 6348.08
>
> 64.25
>
> 3
>
> 9522.12
>
> 78.69
>
> 5
>
> 15870.2
>
> 101.59
>
> 6
>
> 19044.24
>
> 111.29
>
>
>
>
[Attachment #3 (text/html)]
<div dir="ltr">Hello Joseph,<div><br></div><div>This would be an *outstanding* \
feature to add to KStars! Thank you for working on it. It would require an interface \
and also proper integration with the rest of KStars & INDI infrastructure, for \
example, the filters used..etc.</div><div><br></div><div>Would this be better suited \
for FITS Viewer integration? </div><div><br></div><div>SQM & F-Ratios can be \
retrieved from INDI/Ekos, we probably need to add a field for the filter band-pass in \
the equipment manager.</div><div><br></div><div>Do you have a development environment \
ready as per the instructions in KStars Gitlab? <a \
href="https://invent.kde.org/education/kstars">https://invent.kde.org/education/kstars</a></div><div><br \
clear="all"><div><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_signature" \
data-smartmail="gmail_signature"><div dir="ltr"><div><div \
dir="ltr"><div>--</div><div>Best Regards,<br>Jasem \
Mutlaq<br></div><div><br></div></div></div></div></div></div><br></div></div><br><div \
class="gmail_quote"><div dir="ltr" class="gmail_attr">On Fri, Mar 3, 2023 at \
8:16 PM <a href="mailto:joseph.mcgee@sbcglobal.net">joseph.mcgee@sbcglobal.net</a> \
<<a href="mailto:joseph.mcgee@sbcglobal.net">joseph.mcgee@sbcglobal.net</a>> \
wrote:<br></div><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0px 0px 0px \
0.8ex;border-left:1px solid rgb(204,204,204);padding-left:1ex">
<div>
<p>Hi All,</p>
<p>I'm a retired software developer (mostly Java, C, and some C++).
I've been using KStars on a Raspberry Pi (Ubuntu), since I got
interested in AP, (around 2020). Back in late 2021 I wrote an
optimal exposure time calculator (in Java), based on the work of
Dr Glover. I just got to thinking that it might be a nice
addition to KStars, and today I found a request for it:
<a href="https://indilib.org/forum/wish-list/5300-exposure-calulator.html?start=12" \
target="_blank">https://indilib.org/forum/wish-list/5300-exposure-calulator.html?start=12</a></p>
<p>My current code is pretty simple but has no user interface. It
uses a few classes for configuration, a table of sensor gain to
read noise, observation site location SQM value, optics F ratio
data, and (experimentally) a filter bandpass table. The code just
iterates through all the combinations of the inputs to output tab
delimited data to the console, that I copy into a spreadsheet.</p>
<p>Keep in mind that the exposure time calculations are optimal (per
Dr Glover), but not necessarily practical. I've seen a slow
optic, with a filter, in very dark skies, produce a optimal sub
exposure time calculation that exceeded 3 hours.<br>
</p>
<p>If this were integrated into KStars, we would obviously need to
provide a means for a user to input some of their own
configuration information.<br>
</p>
<p>Please let me know if you'd like to consider integrating this
into KStars, (I would need coaching/help if I were to take this
on). <br>
</p>
<p>Example output:<br>
</p>
<p>I have my code configured for the read noise for my main imaging
camera, (a ZWO ASI-071 Color), SQM data for four observation
sites. F ratios for four optics, and bandpass info for two
filters. And I'm using an allowable noise increase of 5%.<br>
</p>
<p>A small section of the output provides this information for a
given site, optic, and sensor gain selection:<br>
</p>
<p> </p>
<br>
<table width="635" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2">
<colgroup><col width="192"> <col width="140"> <col width="291">
</colgroup><tbody>
<tr valign="bottom">
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="192" height="13">
<p align="left"> <br>
</p>
</td>
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="140">
<p align="left"><br>
</p>
</td>
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="291">
<p align="left"><br>
</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="bottom">
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="192" height="13">
<p align="left"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1"><b>Site Name:</b></font></font></p> </td>
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="140">
<p align="center"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1">Chuchupate</font></font></p> </td>
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="291">
<p align="left"><br>
</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="bottom">
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="192" height="13">
<p align="left"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1"><b>Sky Quality:</b></font></font></p> </td>
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="140">
<p align="center"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1">21.65</font></font></p> </td>
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="291">
<p align="left"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1">magnitude per arc-second2</font></font></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="bottom">
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="192" height="13">
<p align="left"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1"><b>Light Pollution Base Rate:</b></font></font></p>
</td>
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="140">
<p align="center"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1">19.6</font></font></p> </td>
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="291">
<p align="left"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1">e per second</font></font></p> </td>
</tr>
<tr valign="bottom">
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="192" height="13">
<p align="left"> <br>
</p>
</td>
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="140">
<p align="left"><br>
</p>
</td>
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="291">
<p align="left"><br>
</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p style="line-height:100%;margin-bottom:0in"><br>
</p>
<br>
<table width="631" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2">
<colgroup><col width="190"> <col width="197"> <col width="232">
</colgroup><tbody>
<tr valign="bottom">
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="190" height="13">
<p align="left"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1"><b>Optic Name:</b></font></font></p> </td>
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="197">
<p align="center"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1">Esprit 100</font></font></p> </td>
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="232">
<p align="left"><br>
</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="bottom">
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="190" height="13">
<p align="left"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1"><b>Light Pollution Rate:</b></font></font></p>
</td>
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="197">
<p align="center"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1">0.65</font></font></p> </td>
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="232">
<p align="left"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1">e per second for f/5.5 optic</font></font></p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p style="line-height:100%;margin-bottom:0in"><br>
</p>
<br>
<table width="438" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2">
<colgroup><col width="199"> <col width="232"> </colgroup><tbody>
<tr valign="bottom">
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="199" height="13">
<p align="left"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1"><b>Camera Sensor Gain:</b></font></font></p> </td>
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="232">
<p align="center"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1">50</font></font></p> </td>
</tr>
<tr valign="bottom">
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="199" height="13">
<p align="left"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1"><b>Read Noise:</b></font></font></p> </td>
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="232">
<p align="center"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1">2.78</font></font></p> </td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p style="line-height:100%;margin-bottom:0in"><br>
</p>
<br>
<table width="986" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2">
<colgroup><col width="234"> <col width="213"> <col width="184">
<col width="165"> <col width="170"> </colgroup><tbody>
<tr valign="bottom">
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="234" height="13">
<p align="left"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1"><b>Filter</b></font></font></p> </td>
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="213">
<p align="center"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1"><b>Optimal Sub-exposure (sec)</b></font></font></p>
</td>
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="184">
<p align="center"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1"><b>Shot pollution electrons</b></font></font></p>
</td>
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="165">
<p align="center"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1"><b>Exposure shot noise</b></font></font></p> </td>
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="170">
<p align="center"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1"><b>Exposure total noise</b></font></font></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr valign="bottom">
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="234" height="13">
<p align="left"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1">No Filter</font></font></p> </td>
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="213">
<p align="center"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1">349.1</font></font></p> </td>
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="184">
<p align="center"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1">226.2</font></font></p> </td>
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="165">
<p align="center"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1">15</font></font></p> </td>
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="170">
<p align="center"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1">15.3</font></font></p> </td>
</tr>
<tr valign="bottom">
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="234" height="13">
<p align="left"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1">Optolong l-Pro</font></font></p> </td>
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="213">
<p align="center"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1">634.8</font></font></p> </td>
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="184">
<p align="center"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1">411.3</font></font></p> </td>
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="165">
<p align="center"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1">20.3</font></font></p> </td>
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="170">
<p align="center"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1">20.5</font></font></p> </td>
</tr>
<tr valign="bottom">
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="234" height="13">
<p align="left"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1">Optolong l-Enhance</font></font></p> </td>
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="213">
<p align="center"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1">3174</font></font></p> </td>
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="184">
<p align="center"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1">2056.3</font></font></p> </td>
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="165">
<p align="center"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1">45.3</font></font></p> </td>
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="170">
<p align="center"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1">45.4</font></font></p> </td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<br>
<p style="line-height:100%;margin-bottom:0in"><font face="Andale
Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" size="1">And accumulated data
for imaging sessions of 1 to 5 hours:</font></font></p>
<p style="line-height:100%;margin-bottom:0in"><br>
</p>
<table width="2107" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2">
<colgroup><col width="139"> <col width="123"> <col width="123">
<col width="130"> <col width="123"> <col width="123"> <col width="130"> <col \
width="130"> <col width="123"> <col width="130"> <col width="130"> <col width="123"> \
<col width="130"> <col width="130"> <col width="123"> <col width="130"> \
</colgroup><tbody> <tr>
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="139" valign="bottom" \
height="13"> <p align="center"> <br>
</p>
</td>
<td colspan="3" style="border:none;padding:0in" width="384">
<p align="center"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1"><b>3,600.00 seconds</b></font></font></p> </td>
<td colspan="3" style="border:none;padding:0in" width="384">
<p align="center"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1"><b>7,200.00 seconds</b></font></font></p> </td>
<td colspan="3" style="border:none;padding:0in" width="392">
<p align="center"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1"><b>10,800.00 seconds</b></font></font></p> </td>
<td colspan="3" style="border:none;padding:0in" width="391">
<p align="center"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1"><b>14,400.00 seconds</b></font></font></p> </td>
<td colspan="3" style="border:none;padding:0in" width="392">
<p align="center"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1"><b>18,000.00 seconds</b></font></font></p> </td>
</tr>
<tr valign="bottom">
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="139" height="13">
<p align="center"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1"><b>Filter</b></font></font></p> </td>
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="123">
<p align="center"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1"><b>Exposure Count</b></font></font></p> </td>
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="123">
<p align="center"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1"><b>Stack Total Time</b></font></font></p> </td>
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="130">
<p align="center"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1"><b>Stack total noise</b></font></font></p> </td>
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="123">
<p align="center"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1"><b>Exposure Count</b></font></font></p> </td>
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="123">
<p align="center"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1"><b>Stack Total Time</b></font></font></p> </td>
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="130">
<p align="center"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1"><b>Stack total noise</b></font></font></p> </td>
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="130">
<p align="center"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1"><b>Exposure Count</b></font></font></p> </td>
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="123">
<p align="center"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1"><b>Stack Total Time</b></font></font></p> </td>
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="130">
<p align="center"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1"><b>Stack total noise</b></font></font></p> </td>
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="130">
<p align="center"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1"><b>Exposure Count</b></font></font></p> </td>
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="123">
<p align="center"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1"><b>Stack Total Time</b></font></font></p> </td>
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="130">
<p align="center"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1"><b>Stack total noise</b></font></font></p> </td>
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="130">
<p align="center"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1"><b>Exposure Count</b></font></font></p> </td>
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="123">
<p align="center"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1"><b>Stack Total Time</b></font></font></p> </td>
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="130">
<p align="center"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1"><b>Stack total noise</b></font></font></p> </td>
</tr>
<tr valign="bottom">
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="139" height="13">
<p align="left"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1">No Filter</font></font></p> </td>
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="123">
<p align="center"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1">10</font></font></p> </td>
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="123">
<p align="center"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1">3491.44</font></font></p> </td>
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="130">
<p align="center"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1">48.37</font></font></p> </td>
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="123">
<p align="center"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1">21</font></font></p> </td>
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="123">
<p align="center"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1">7332.03</font></font></p> </td>
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="130">
<p align="center"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1">70.09</font></font></p> </td>
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="130">
<p align="center"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1">31</font></font></p> </td>
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="123">
<p align="center"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1">10823.47</font></font></p> </td>
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="130">
<p align="center"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1">85.16</font></font></p> </td>
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="130">
<p align="center"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1">41</font></font></p> </td>
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="123">
<p align="center"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1">14314.92</font></font></p> </td>
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="130">
<p align="center"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1">97.93</font></font></p> </td>
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="130">
<p align="center"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1">52</font></font></p> </td>
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="123">
<p align="center"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1">18155.51</font></font></p> </td>
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="130">
<p align="center"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1">110.29</font></font></p> </td>
</tr>
<tr valign="bottom">
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="139" height="13">
<p align="left"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1">Optolong l-Pro</font></font></p> </td>
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="123">
<p align="center"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1">6</font></font></p> </td>
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="123">
<p align="center"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1">3808.85</font></font></p> </td>
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="130">
<p align="center"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1">50.14</font></font></p> </td>
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="123">
<p align="center"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1">11</font></font></p> </td>
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="123">
<p align="center"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1">6982.89</font></font></p> </td>
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="130">
<p align="center"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1">67.89</font></font></p> </td>
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="130">
<p align="center"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1">17</font></font></p> </td>
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="123">
<p align="center"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1">10791.73</font></font></p> </td>
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="130">
<p align="center"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1">84.4</font></font></p> </td>
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="130">
<p align="center"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1">23</font></font></p> </td>
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="123">
<p align="center"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1">14600.58</font></font></p> </td>
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="130">
<p align="center"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1">98.17</font></font></p> </td>
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="130">
<p align="center"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1">28</font></font></p> </td>
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="123">
<p align="center"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1">17774.62</font></font></p> </td>
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="130">
<p align="center"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1">108.31</font></font></p> </td>
</tr>
<tr valign="bottom">
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="139" height="13">
<p align="left"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1">Optolong l-Enhance</font></font></p> </td>
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="123">
<p align="center"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1">1</font></font></p> </td>
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="123">
<p align="center"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1">3174.04</font></font></p> </td>
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="130">
<p align="center"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1">45.43</font></font></p> </td>
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="123">
<p align="center"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1">2</font></font></p> </td>
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="123">
<p align="center"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1">6348.08</font></font></p> </td>
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="130">
<p align="center"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1">64.25</font></font></p> </td>
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="130">
<p align="center"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1">3</font></font></p> </td>
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="123">
<p align="center"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1">9522.12</font></font></p> </td>
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="130">
<p align="center"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1">78.69</font></font></p> </td>
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="130">
<p align="center"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1">5</font></font></p> </td>
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="123">
<p align="center"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1">15870.2</font></font></p> </td>
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="130">
<p align="center"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1">101.59</font></font></p> </td>
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="130">
<p align="center"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1">6</font></font></p> </td>
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="123">
<p align="center"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1">19044.24</font></font></p> </td>
<td style="border:none;padding:0in" width="130">
<p align="center"> <font face="Andale Mono"><font style="font-size:8pt" \
size="1">111.29</font></font></p> </td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p style="line-height:100%;margin-bottom:0in"><br>
</p>
<p style="line-height:100%;margin-bottom:0in"><br>
</p>
<p style="line-height:100%;margin-bottom:0in">
</p>
<p></p>
</div>
</blockquote></div>
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