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List: busybox
Subject: [BusyBox] Made a script for making bootable floppies
From: Arjun Asthana <arjunasthana () gmx ! net>
Date: 2004-06-25 0:43:54
Message-ID: 20040625102213.67C4CB404D () codepoet ! org
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Hello,
I have made a script for making bootable floppies powered by linux kernel,
sys-linux loader and busybox. It has been partially tested and works on bash
with RHL 7.2. I couldn't write the floppy or test it out since I don't have a
floppy drive. I got this idea and a lot of help from an article by Bruce
Perens (I don't know the URL).
If you come across any errors (well, there must be tons of them), do not
hesitate to contact me.
- --
Ready with asbestos shield,
Arjun Asthana
arjunasthana@gmx.net
Linux: Choose your freedom
Proud user of kmail, opera and icewm
__________________________
:
####[ GNU/Linux One Stanza Tip (LOST) ]#######################
Sub : What all is mounted ? [#1] LOST #098
To know all mounted devices, do : cat /proc/mounts
Example below is to check for a mounted floppy from console or
from script : cat /proc/mounts | grep "/dev/fd0"
####[usmbish (at) vsnl.net.in]################################
:
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["mkmybootfloppy" (application/x-shellscript)]
#!/bin/bash
# coding on ver 0.1 started on Friday - June 11 2004
# and finished on Sunday - June 13 2004
#
# coding for ver 0.2 started on Saturday - Jun 19 2004
# and ended on the next day
# Changes:
# You may now include your own application in the floppy
# Fs is now writable (ext2)
# Added /dev/random and /dev/urandom
# Fixed a bug which would stop it from booting -> 0.2.1
# Removed a 'Read-only' message which would pop up when the
# script has finished and also the requirement for genromfs
# and fixed zero device -> 0.2.2
# Too many bus fixed and partially tested on RHL 7.2. Too many
# bugs to mention -> 0.2.3
initialdir=`pwd`
inst-fail() {
echo Installation failed
exit $1
}
if ! [ $USER = root ]; then
echo You have to be root to use mknod '('used for
echo making devices')' and many other things. \`su\'
echo wont work. You need to use \`su -\'.
exit 6
fi
cat << -EOF-
Welcome to mkmybootfloppy!
-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=
This is a script which will help you make a boot floppy.
The boot floppy will be based on busybox (a swiss army knife
software which has 202+ GNU utilities replacement executables).
The prerequisites are:
(1) busybox static build (or source)
(2) linux kernel compiled without modules ~1/2MB (or source)
(3) syslinux, which is, agian, usually present on RedHat & Debian
(4) mknod and makedevs (latter in busybox)
Hit CTRL-C any time to exit this script.
If you come accross any problems, essppeelinng meestakess, have
any sugesstions, criticisms or just want to know how I am, mail me
at: "Arjun Asthana" <arjunasthana@gmx.net>
-EOF-
dobusybox() {
echo -n Do you have busybox \(or source\)\? \(y\/n\)\
read bbyn
if ! [ $bbyn = y ]; then
echo You need busybox for this.
echo get it from busybox.net.
exit 1
fi
echo
echo -n Is it Source, pre-Compiled, Packaged'(rpm,deb,slack-tgz)' or on Apt-get\? \
'(s/c/p/a) (if you dont make it from source, you are going to have problems later, \
and if you dont install it from packages, you will have to compile everything again \
that uses busybox. Oh! I forgot that this was only for libraries. You can safely \
install from source since this is not a lib) ' read bbscpa
echo
echo Where is the source\/binary package\? Give the full path or just the package \
name if it is in your home dir. Leave this if you answered c or a.\ read pack
cd
[ $pack ] && cd `dirname $pack`
case $bbscpa in
s) case $pack in
*bz2) alias tarc="tar -xjvf" ;;
*gz) alias tarc="tar -xzvf" ;;
esac
if ! [ -e $pack ]; then echo $pack does not exist; exit 1; fi
tarc `basename $pack` | tee /tmp/bbpack.$$
cd `head -n 1 /tmp/bbpack.$$`
cat << EOM
The Buffer allocation policy should be "Allocate in the .bss section"
(in General configuration) and the build should be static (in build
options)
EOM
read
make menuconfig || make config
confexit=$?
[ $confexit = 0 ] && make ; makeexit=$?
if ! [ $confexit = 0 ];then
echo
echo You don\'t have the things required for busybox.
exit 1
elif ! [ $makeexit = 0 ]; then
echo
echo You don\'t have the things required for busybox.
exit 1
fi
bbbin2=`pwd`/busybox
;;
c) echo
echo Where is the compiled binary? Leave blank if it is in your path. No trailing \/ \
at the end please. read bbbin
if [ -z $bbbin ]; then
if ! [ -x `which busybox` ];then
echo
echo "Busybox isn't in your path"
exit 1
fi
bbbin2=`which busybox`
else
if ! [ -x "$bbbin"/busybox ]; then
echo
echo "Busybox isn't there"
exit 1
fi
bbbin2="$bbbin"/busybox
fi
;;
p) if ! [ -e $pack ]; then
echo
echo The package does not exist
exit 1
fi
case $pack in
*rpm) alias packrc="rpm -ivh";;
*deb) alias packrc="deb -i";;
*tgz) alias packrc="installpkg";;
*) echo Which command\+argument installs this package\? eg. rpm -i or rpm -ivh or \
deb -i or installpkg. These are only examples, not choices. read packrc
;;
esac
packrc $pack ; packrcexit=$?
if ! [ $packrcexit = 0 ]; then
echo
echo Package installation failed
exit 1
fi
if ! [ -x `which busybox` ]; then
echo Busybox executable not found
exit 1
fi
bbbin2=`which busybox`
;;
a) if ! [ -x `which apt-get` ]; then
echo You dont have apt-get
exit 1
fi
apt-get update && apt-get install busybox || inst-fail 1
if ! [ -x `which busybox` ]; then
echo Busybox not found
inst-fail 1
fi
bbbin2=`which busybox`
;;
*) echo Please enter a valid choice
dobusybox
;;
esac
}
dokernel() {
echo 'Do you have kernel Source or pre-Compiled kernel (without modules, which means \
your existing kernel wont work)? (s/p) You are strongly recommended to compile from \
source unless you have already done so using this script.' read kernelsp
case $kernelsp in
s) echo Where is the kernel? Leave blank for the default /usr/src/linux. NO trailing \
\/ please. And dont use /usr/src/linux unless it was already installed by your \
distribution or by the kernel src rpm in the installation CD of your distro. read \
kernelloc
if ! [ $kernelloc ]; then
kernelloc=/usr/src/linux
fi
if ! [ -e $kernelloc ]; then
echo $kernelloc does not exist
exit 2
fi
cd $kernelloc
cat << -EOM-
This is very important for making the kernel for the
floppy. You MUST include the following things in the
kernel or the floppy will not work:
* RAM disk support, in the Block Devices menu
* Initial RAM disk 'initrd' support, also in the Block
Devices menu
Write these things down somewhere so that you dont
forget them.
-EOM-
read anything
make xconfig || make menuconfig || make config || inst-fail 2
make dep
kerneldepexit=$?
if ! [ $kerneldepexit = 0 ]; then
echo Dependencies could not be sorted out
inst-fail 2
fi
make bzImage
kernelimageexit=$?
if ! [ $kernelimageexit = 0 ]; then
echo Kernel image could not be made
inst-fail 2
fi
kernelimg=`pwd`/arch/i386/boot/bzImage
;;
p) echo Where is the kernel\? Your existing kernel will not work for this floppy
read kernelwhereis
if ! [ -e $kernelwhereis ]; then
echo $kernelwhereis does not exist
exit 2
else
kernelimg=$kernelwhereis
fi
;;
*) echo Please enter a valid choice
dokernel
esac
}
blahfailed() {
echo Sorry, it failed. Exiting
exit 10
}
dobusybox && dokernel || blahfailed
if ! [ -x `which syslinux` ]; then
echo You dont have syslinux. It is used
echo for booting into linux from dos fs
echo formatted floppies. Google for it\'s
echo download location
exit 4
fi
if ! [ -x `which mknod` ]; then
echo You need mknod for making the devices
exit 5
fi
cd
echo Where would you like to store the temporary
echo files for the floppy\? The files are not so
echo temporary that they are stored in /tmp. No
echo trailing \/ please. Enter the full path
echo starting from \/
read floppytmp
if ! [ -d $floppytmp ]; then
echo Creating $floppytmp
mkdir $floppytmp
fi
cd $floppytmp
echo Creating directory mybootlinux
mkdir mybootlinux
echo cd\'ing into it
cd mybootlinux
echo Creating normal linux directories
mkdir dev etc etc/init.d bin proc mnt tmp var var/shm
chmod 755 . dev etc etc/init.d bin proc mnt tmp var var/shm
echo cd\'ing into dev dir and making the devices
cd dev
echo Creating hda'(1-8)'
$bbbin2 makedevs hda b 3 0 0 8 s
echo Creating hdb'(1-8)'
$bbbin2 makedevs hdb b 3 64 0 8 s
echo Creating tty'(1-8)'
mknod tty c 5 0
$bbbin2 makedevs tty c 4 1 1 8
echo Creating console
mknod console c 5 1
echo Creating ram device
mknod ram0 b 1 0
echo Creating null device
mknod null c 1 3
echo Creating zero device
mknod zero c 1 5
echo Creating random thingies
mknod random c 1 8
mknod urandom c 1 9
echo Setting permissions
chmod 666 *
echo Making startup scripts and blah, blah, blah....
cd ../etc/init.d
cat << EOF > rcS
#!/bin/sh
mount -a
EOF
chmod 744 rcS
cd ..
cat << EOT > fstab
proc /proc proc defaults 0 0
none /var/shm shm defaults 0 0
EOT
chmod 644 fstab
echo Would you like to include your own application in this?
read incappyn
if [ $incappyn = y ]; then
echo Please type in the full path to the app.
echo Please note that many things have to fit
echo on a single floppy. The app should be small
read apploc
if [ -e $apploc ]; then
cp $apploc ..
chmod 755 ../`basename $apploc`
echo Done
echo Making modified inittab to include your app
echo '::sysinit:/etc/init.d/rcS' > inittab
echo '::askfirst:/'`basename $apploc` >> inittab
else
echo $apploc does not exist
fi
else
cat << EOB > inittab
> > sysinit:/etc/init.d/rcS
> > askfirst:/bin/sh
EOB
fi
chmod 644 inittab
echo Making mount directories
cd ../dev
for i in hd*
do
mkdir ../mnt/"$i"
done
echo Copying busybox
cd ../bin
cp $bbbin2 ./busybox ; echo $?
sleep 2
cd ..
cd "$floppytmp"/mybootlinux
pwd
ls -l bin/busybox
floppyfail() {
echo Could not make floppy
echo Last process returned exit code $1
exit 10
}
cd "$floppytmp"
echo Making filesystem
dd if=/dev/zero of=floppyfs bs=1k count=4000 || floppyfail $?
echo Connecting it to /dev/loop0
losetup /dev/loop0 floppyfs || floppyfail $?
echo Making ext2 fs
mkfs.ext2 -F -i 2000 floppyfs || floppyfail $?
mkdir loop
echo Mounting filesystem
mount -o loop floppyfs loop/ || floppyfail $?
echo Copying files to the fs
cp -R mybootlinux/* loop/ || floppyfail $?
cd mybootlinux
echo Now comes the tough part - making links to
echo 200+ executables. If you installed it from
echo source, this is easy for versions'>'1.0pre1,
echo since they provide a script.
if ! [ $bbscpa = s ]; then
echo Is the version of your busybox equal to 1.0pre1-10?
read veryn
if [ $veryn = y ]; then
cat << EOF > /tmp/bblinks.$$
usr/bin/[
bin/addgroup
bin/adduser
sbin/adjtimex
usr/bin/arping
bin/ash
usr/bin/awk
usr/bin/basename
usr/bin/bunzip2
usr/bin/bzcat
usr/bin/cal
bin/cat
bin/chgrp
bin/chmod
bin/chown
usr/sbin/chroot
usr/bin/chvt
usr/bin/clear
usr/bin/cmp
bin/cp
bin/cpio
usr/sbin/crond
usr/bin/crontab
usr/bin/cut
bin/date
usr/bin/dc
bin/dd
usr/bin/deallocvt
bin/delgroup
bin/deluser
sbin/devfsd
bin/df
usr/bin/dirname
bin/dmesg
usr/bin/dos2unix
usr/bin/dpkg
usr/bin/dpkg-deb
usr/bin/du
bin/dumpkmap
usr/bin/dumpleases
bin/echo
bin/egrep
usr/bin/env
usr/bin/expr
bin/false
usr/sbin/fbset
bin/fdflush
usr/bin/fdformat
sbin/fdisk
bin/fgrep
usr/bin/find
usr/bin/fold
usr/bin/free
sbin/freeramdisk
sbin/fsck.minix
usr/bin/ftpget
usr/bin/ftpput
bin/getopt
sbin/getty
bin/grep
bin/gunzip
bin/gzip
sbin/halt
sbin/hdparm
usr/bin/head
usr/bin/hexdump
usr/bin/hostid
bin/hostname
usr/sbin/httpd
bin/hush
sbin/hwclock
usr/bin/id
sbin/ifconfig
sbin/ifdown
sbin/ifup
usr/sbin/inetd
sbin/init
sbin/insmod
usr/bin/install
bin/ip
bin/ipaddr
bin/ipcalc
bin/iplink
bin/iproute
bin/iptunnel
bin/kill
usr/bin/killall
sbin/klogd
bin/lash
usr/bin/last
usr/bin/length
linuxrc
bin/ln
usr/bin/loadfont
sbin/loadkmap
usr/bin/logger
bin/login
usr/bin/logname
sbin/logread
sbin/losetup
bin/ls
sbin/lsmod
sbin/makedevs
usr/bin/md5sum
usr/bin/mesg
bin/mkdir
usr/bin/mkfifo
sbin/mkfs.minix
bin/mknod
sbin/mkswap
bin/mktemp
sbin/modprobe
bin/more
bin/mount
bin/msh
bin/mv
sbin/nameif
usr/bin/nc
bin/netstat
usr/bin/nslookup
usr/bin/od
usr/bin/openvt
usr/bin/passwd
usr/bin/patch
bin/pidof
bin/ping
bin/ping6
bin/pipe_progress
sbin/pivot_root
sbin/poweroff
usr/bin/printf
bin/ps
bin/pwd
usr/sbin/rdate
usr/bin/readlink
usr/bin/realpath
sbin/reboot
usr/bin/renice
usr/bin/reset
bin/rm
bin/rmdir
sbin/rmmod
sbin/route
bin/rpm
usr/bin/rpm2cpio
bin/run-parts
bin/sed
usr/bin/seq
usr/bin/setkeycodes
bin/sh
bin/sleep
usr/bin/sort
sbin/start-stop-daemon
usr/bin/strings
bin/stty
bin/su
sbin/sulogin
sbin/swapoff
sbin/swapon
bin/sync
sbin/sysctl
bin/syslogd
usr/bin/tail
bin/tar
usr/bin/tee
usr/bin/telnet
usr/sbin/telnetd
usr/bin/test
usr/bin/tftp
usr/bin/time
usr/bin/top
bin/touch
usr/bin/tr
usr/bin/traceroute
bin/true
usr/bin/tty
sbin/udhcpc
usr/sbin/udhcpd
bin/umount
bin/uname
bin/uncompress
usr/bin/uniq
usr/bin/unix2dos
usr/bin/unzip
usr/bin/uptime
bin/usleep
usr/bin/uudecode
usr/bin/uuencode
sbin/vconfig
bin/vi
usr/bin/vlock
bin/watch
sbin/watchdog
usr/bin/wc
usr/bin/wget
usr/bin/which
usr/bin/who
usr/bin/whoami
usr/bin/xargs
usr/bin/yes
bin/zcat
EOF
for i in `cat /tmp/bblinks.$$`
do
mkdir -p `dirname $i`
ln bin/busybox $i
done
echo Done making links
else
echo Hoping that busybox was compiled as a
echo \"standalone shell\"
echo Or, can you point me to a downloaded or
echo some other busybox.links file '('usually
echo found in the busybox source dir')'? '(y/n)'
read bblinksyn
if [ $bblinksyn = y ]; then
echo Where is it?
read bblinksloc
if ! [ -e $bblinksloc ]; then
echo Sorry\, this doesnt exist. Best of luck
echo Making link to '/bin/sh' and /sbin/init
ln bin/busybox bin/sh
ln bin/busybox sbin/init
else
echo Making links
for i in `cat $bblinksloc`
do
if [ $i = \/* ]; then
ln bin/busybox ."$i"
else
ln bin/busybox "$i"
fi
done
fi
else
echo Making a link to \'bin/sh\' for the shell
ln -s bin/busybox bin/sh
echo Making link to /sbin/init for init
ln -s bin/busybox sbin/init
fi
fi
else
echo cd\'ing into bubusybox source dir and making links
cd `dirname $bbbin2`
make PREFIX="$floppytmp"/mybootlinux install
linksexit=$?
if ! [ $linksexit = 0 ]; then
echo Link making failed
exit 10
else
echo Link making succeeded
fi
fi
cd ..
echo Unmounting fs
umount loop/ || floppyfail $?
echo Disconnecting loopfile
losetup -d /dev/loop0 || floppyfail $?
echo Compressing it
gzip -9 floppyfs
echo Please insert a floppy into drive /dev/fd0 but
echo DONT mount it
read
echo Last chance to quit before destroying any data
echo on /dev/fd0 (CTRL-C to quit)
read
echo Formatting floppy
mformat /dev/fd0 || floppyfail $?
echo Inserting syslinux bootloader
syslinux /dev/fd0 || floppyfail $?
mkdir /mnt/mybootlinux
echo Mounting floppy
mount -t msdos /dev/fd0 /mnt/mybootlinux || floppyfail $?
echo Copying fs
cd floppyfs.gz /mnt/mybootlinux || floppyfail $?
echo Copying kernel
cp $kernelimg /mnt/mybootlinux/linux || floppyfail $?
cd /mnt/mybootlinux
echo Creating syslinux config
cat << EOF > syslinux.cfg
TIMEOUT 20
DEFAULT linux
LABEL linux
KERNEL linux
APPEND root=/dev/ram0 initrd=floppyfs.gz
EOF
umount /mnt/mybootfloppy
echo Congrats\! Your boot floppy has been written\!
echo
echo Would you like to save an image of this floppy
echo to a file on your hd\?
read imgyn
if [ $imgyn = y ]; then
echo Where would you like to store it\?
read imgloc
echo Running dd. It might take some time
dd if=/dev/fd0 of=$imgloc
fi
cd $initialdir
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